Acid-Base and Gas Exchange

Coordinators: Serena Brusatori, Lorenzo Giosa

Acid-base and gas-exchange disorders almost invariably affect patients in the ICU and in the operating theatre. A solid grasp of physiological principles is essential for making informed, effective clinical decisions in these settings, where, most often, simplified rules of thumb do not accurately describe the complexity of patients’ condition, and a personalized approach is required.

This section of CONNECT will work from the bench to the bedside to explore, among others, the role of body composition (i.e., muscle, bone and fat mass) on the protection against acid-base imbalances, the pathophysiology of acid-base derangements in different conditions of critical illness (e.g., trauma), and the role of dynamic oxygen and carbon dioxide oscillations on respiratory drive. Our work aims to bridge the gap between theoretical models and their real-world clinical application. Through this, we strive to provide tools and insights that enhance the precision of diagnosis and the personalization of therapy.

Thanks to the cooperation with the other Connect research groups, we approach acid-base and gas-exchange not as an isolated issue, but as a dynamic component of multi-organ function. A clear example is the application of gas-exchange physiology to extracorporeal circulation, which represents a complex, yet adjustable model to investigate advanced oxygen and carbon dioxide derangements. Similarly, our investigations often intersect with studies on renal function, ventilation strategies, electrolyte shifts, and hemodynamics, reflecting our belief that physiology does not exist in silos.

Collaboration is at the heart of our philosophy. We work closely with international colleagues from other disciplines — both clinical and pre-clinical — to foster a deeper understanding of acid-base homeostasis and gas-exchange pathophysiology.

Our longstanding in-vitro experience, a new animal laboratory, and several ongoing clinical studies will offer the chance to explore most of our research questions in the coming years.

If you are passionate about these fascinating topics and want to join the conversation, get in touch!